Given the pro-growth [PI3K/Akt/mTor pathway (Garza-Lombo et al., 2018)], anti-oxidative (section “Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction”), anti-amyloid (section “amyloid beta and Tau pathology in AD”) and GSK-3β-inhibiting (section “GLP-1R agonists suppress amyloid beta and GSK-3β-driven mitochondrial damage in AD”) effects of incretins, early GLP-1 treatment both stimulates growth and prevents proliferation deficits in immature neurons. Here, GSK3B is linked to Alzheimer disease.