Moreover, Exendin-4 re-sensitized the Insulin/Akt/mTor pathway, as indicated by exosome analysis, in a phase II clinical trial with PD patients, leading to enhanced motor function (Athauda et al., 2017, 2019) (see section “Clinical trials show good protective effects in patients with AD or PD”). The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.