GIPR and Alzheimer disease: We confirmed that GLP-1R/GIPR dual agonists demonstrated superior neuroprotective effects compared to other synthetic GLP-1 analogs in AD (Maskery et al., 2020; Salles et al., 2020) and PD (Yuan et al., 2017; Feng et al., 2018; Zhang and Holscher, 2020; Lv et al., 2021; Zhang L.Y. et al., 2021) animal models, correlating with their greater ability to cross the BBB.