These results are similar to urine NGAL levels seen in those with AKI compared to those without (n = 18 and 17, respectively, median 612.4 [IQR 109–1738] versus 50.8 ng/ml [IQR 4.1–185.6], p = 0.003, Figure 1d). This evidence concerns the gene LCN2 and acute kidney injury.