TNF and Anxiety: Also, Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium sp. combination synergistically alleviated immobilization stress and anxiety behaviors, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)- 6, and lipopolysaccharide levels via maintaining of the gut immune responses and microbiota arrangement [36].