DM might be mediated by binding of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to the IGF-1 receptor and activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathways leading to increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis [41]. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.