It was shown that NGF/ tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) can alternatively activate the JAK/STAT3 pathway to induce EMT and erlotinib resistance in HNSCC.170 The Pim-1 proto-oncogene (PIM) is a downstream of JAK/STAT pathway. The gene discussed is NTRK1; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.