TGFB1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: It has been shown that dapagliflozin improves micro- and macrovascular endothelial function compared to glibenclamide, regardless of glycemic control in patients with T2DM and subclinical carotid atherosclerotic disease [21] and ameliorates angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling by regulating the transforming growth factor-beta1/Smad signaling in a non-glucose-lowering dependent manner [22].