CCN1 and cancer: Fig. 10B and C shows that both of these proteins are downregulated after treatment of the cells with HMPSNE and to a smaller extent after treatment of the cells with AOAA. HMPSNE also resulted in the inhibition of the expression of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) protein (Fig. 10B and C). This protein – an endogenous ligand of the hedgehog pathway – has also been implicated previously in the regulation of CyR61 in various forms of cancer [67,68].