H19 and urinary bladder cancer: It has been reported that an elevated level of H19 is present in gastric cancer and bladder cancer, while the decreased level is present in hepatocellular carcinoma, indicating that H19 has both tumor suppressor as well as oncogenic properties (Iizuka et al., 2004; Yang et al., 2012; Song et al., 2013b; Luo et al., 2013).