F2R and neoplasm: Xu et al. (2019) revealed a combined chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy by transporting the MMP2-triggered nanodrugs into the tumor sites. Lee et al. (2015) used MMP2 and constructed a double-chambered protein nanocage loaded with γ-carboxyglutamic acid of protein C (PC-Gla) and thrombin receptor agonist peptide (TRAP) for sepsis treatment. In the present study, we found that the expression of MMP2 was upregulated in sepsis in vivo and in vitro.