Functionally, Uba6-null 4T1 and B16-GMCSF cells showed markedly decreased cell viability when stimulated with TNFα and IFNγ (Fig. 4f and Supplementary Fig. 5j), which mimics the functional feature of inosine on T-cell-mediated tumour killing by targeting tumour cells, as TNF and IFNγ are major cytolytic cytokines released by cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is neoplasm.