Studies have shown that both innate and adaptive immunity are involved in the occurrence of TB-IRIS, in which innate immunity plays a key role.[6] The risk factors for TB-IRIS include when starting antiretroviral therapy, the count of CD4 + T cells is low, especially its count is < 50/mm3; the interval between initiation of anti-TB therapy and antiretroviral therapy is short; extrapulmonary or disseminated TB; HIV viral load is high. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is tuberculosis.