The molecular screening of Hb disorders in 40 Mauritanian patients was done by a polymerase‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for the sickle cell disease (SCD) mutation, a PCR/sequencing method for β‐thalassemia mutations, and by the multiplex polymerase chain reaction method for the α‐thalassemia. The gene discussed is GSTM1; the disease is alpha thalassemia spectrum.