ST6GAL1 and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Studies in rectal cancer (Smithson et al., 2022) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma models have also reported that ST6Gal1 mediates chemoresistance via evading apoptosis through a mechanism that potentially involves TNFR1 sialylation (Chakraborty et al., 2018).