LPS-TLR4/MyD88 signalling likewise similarly impacts on (migratory) Haematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPCs) (67), mobilised to the periphery in response to obesity where they also differentiate and accumulate as adipose tissue macrophages (68) to perpetuate inflammation and, via IL-1β release, further biasing of differentiation of BM cells (24, 66). Here, IL1B is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.