Furthermore, 3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylidene)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-pyrazino-[2,1-a], which is a novel small molecular activator of Nrf2, was proven to prevent the development of colorectal adenomas in AOM-DSS models by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the colon (Wang et al., 2016). The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is colorectal adenoma.