Qiao et al. (Qiao et al. 2012) reported higher O-GlcNAc and OGT levels in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) compared with that in normal samples, they also revealed (Qiao et al. 2016b) that hyper-O-GlcNAcylation could promote tumorigenesis and metastasis of ESCC by raising the stability and expression of MMP9, and changing cellular signal transduction. This evidence concerns the gene OGT and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.