Hence, the increased viral infection in ACE2 overexpressed cells likely includes the avidity and random association of lots of particles irrespective of ACE2 specific clustering with GM1, and the reduced efficacy of tetracaine and HCQ inhibiting viral entry in high cholesterol (57.7% vs. 50.3% and 15.6% vs. 12.8%, respectively, see Fig. 1d) may be underestimated by ACE2 overexpression. Here, ACE2 is linked to viral infectious disease.