Since Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was first characterized by Alois Alzheimer in 1907, who found the hallmarks of extracellular plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, the mechanism studies of dementia in the past century mainly focused on protein aggregation such as amyloid β (Aβ), tau, α-synuclein, and transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) [1, 2]. The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.