For example, the decreased DNase activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with either single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or mutations in DNase1/DNase1L315, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 or the presence of neutralizing antibodies which block the activity of DNase1/DNase1L3.21, 22. Here, DNASE1 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.