LEP and metabolic syndrome: Potential biomarkers of increased adiposity that were available for this analysis include the proinflammatory adipokines leptin, Vaspin, FGF21, and TNF-α (the latter also a cytokine), which are known to increase as a result of the interacting effect of central obesity with the other four MetS components (hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension).23