Higher levels of Cystatin-C among Blacks significantly lowered the odds ratios for mortality (ORvisit-2 = 0.22, p<0.001; ORvisit-3 = 0.33, p<0.05) and diabetes (OR visit-2 = 0.46, p<0.05) compared to the reference White group, but these differences were explained by adjustments to covariates (S5 Table in S1 File; also see S3 and S4 Figs in S1 File for eGFR). Here, CST3 is linked to diabetes mellitus.