Autosomal recessive (AR) complete TYK2 deficiency is characterized by mycobacterial and/or viral diseases (Table 1; Fuchs et al., 2016; Guo et al., 2020; Kreins et al., 2015; Minegishi et al., 2006; Sarrafzadeh et al., 2020; Wu et al., 2020; Zhang et al., 2022). Here, TYK2 is linked to viral load.