In addition, Western blot assay revealed that the expression of liver fibrosis marker proteins (α-SMA, COL1A1 and TGF-β1) increased notably in cells after the induction of PA, which was repressed after the co-culture with either EVs-mimic NC or EVs-miR-223-3p mimic, and the latter exerted a stronger repressive effect versus the former (Figure 2e). This evidence concerns the gene COL1A1 and Hepatic fibrosis.