SCFAs work as a mediator between gut microbiota, they have the potential to improve glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in patients with T2DM, and in the setting of pancreatic dysfunction, they can regulate pancreatic insulin and glucagon secretion through GLP1 augmentation in pancreatic dysfunction (Mandaliya and Seshadri, 2019). Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.