IL4 and infection: In the first 3 days after infection, infected BALB/c mice develop a weak immune response characterized by activation of Mφs, inhibition of dendritic cell (DC) function and maturation, modulation of the activation of regulatory Treg cells (Omer et al., 2003; Abel et al., 2016), low production of IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, absence of IL-4 and IL-12 and increased levels of TGF-β and IL-10 (Chen et al., 2010; Fu et al., 2012a).