Our data showed that diabetes patients with CRD received premixed insulin more often (59.9% vs. 53.8%, p <.0001) and received less fast- (10.0% vs. 12.4%, p <.0001) and long-acting insulin (25.2% vs. 29.8%, p <.0001) although premixed insulin had a higher risk of hypoglycemia than basal-and-bolus insulin (BBI) (38). This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.