GLP1R and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In addition, GLP-1 receptor agonists can regulate the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells, a type of adipogenic precursor cells, through the serine-threonine kinase (AKT) signaling pathway, resulting in smaller adipocytes, which may contribute to insulin resistance and insulin resistance and have a positive effect in patients with obesity (20).