PKM and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In another study, lactate played a role in inhibiting glycolysis and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, presenting down-regulated transcription of HK1 and PKM as well as up-regulated of succinate dehydrogenase complex flavoprotein subunit A (SDHA) and isocitrate dehydrogenase three non-catalytic subunit gamma (IDH3G) (Jiang J. et al., 2021).