PPARA and Insulin resistance: Likewise, lipogenic enzymes and lipoprotein lipases, including acyl-coenzyme A oxidase (ACO), CD36, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1b (CPT-1b), PPARα, PGC-1α, uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3), transcription factor A mitochondrial (TFAM) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), remained unchanged in adipose tissue, while quercetin treatment reduced fructosamine, basal glucose, insulin and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), as accepted diabetic markers in rat models [73].