NFE2L2 and metabolic syndrome: Recent research has established that apigenin is a PPAR modulator that inhibits obesity-induced metabolic syndrome via suppressing PPARγ and PPARα, resulting in activation/inhibition of upstream or downstream targets, such as STAT3, C/EBP-α, SREBP-1c, CD36, and Nrf2 in adipose tissues [99, 100, 103].