HMGB1 and endothelial dysfunction: We cannot rule out the hypothesis that vitamin D3 could interfere with the activation of ROS-related HMGB1-TLR4 signaling, described to induce endothelial dysfunction in presence of HG (Rao et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2018; Fernandez-Robredo et al., 2020; Huang et al., 2020).