INS and diabetes mellitus: In a study investigating the antidiabetic activities of Momordica charantia L. on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats, it was shown that the fruit juice induced a significant increase of serum insulin, HDL-cholesterol, total antioxidant capacity levels, β cell function percent, and pancreatic reduced glutathione (GSH) content and improved histopathological changes of the pancreas (Mahmoud et al., 2017).