PARN and chronic kidney disease: Studies have shown that the telomere lengths of T cells in patients with end stage renal disease are shorter than those in healthy group (Hirashio et al., 2014), the telomerase activities of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) increase with the progression of CKD (Kidir et al., 2017), and Poly (A)-specific ribonuclease (PARN) mutation, a key cause of telomere abnormality-related diseases, is prevalent in CKD patients (Lata et al., 2018), which indicating that CKD is closely related to telomere dysfunction.