Urine NGAL was shown to detect NSAID-mediated renal tubular injury in the initial phase of renal injury in a cohort study of children with congenital heart disease who underwent cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), and urine NGAL had good diagnostic accuracy in identifying children receiving NSAIDs, with an AUC of 0.95–0.96 at 24–48 h after administration of NSAIDs. Here, LCN2 is linked to congenital heart disease.