Factors such as bradykinin, SDF-1α, ANGPT2, IL-8, mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI), inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE)-1α, ephrin-B2, Olig2, and Wnt7a have been shown to be important for vessel co-option specifically in GBM (135). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL12 and glioblastoma.