The aim of our study was to investigate whether a defined cytokine panel (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, IFN-α, IFN-γ, TNF-α) can play a prognostic or predictive role in lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors to assess any potential correlations between their serum levels and clinical safety and the treatment response. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and lung cancer.