Interestingly, TLR3-mediated IFN production after infection with Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is cell type-dependent, with TLR3 limiting HSV-1 replication in mouse fibroblasts and CNS-resident cells (neurons, astrocytes), whereas no such protective mechanism is produced in mouse macrophages (85). This evidence concerns the gene TLR3 and infection.