TGFB1 and cancer: Studies have shown that macrophages with local infiltration can undergo M2 type polarization in the tumor microenvironment, thereby exerting immunosuppressive effects and promoting intratumoral angiogenesis, tumor proliferation, invasion, and invasion metastasis (30, 31).In addition, subtypes 3 patients showed higher angiogenesis (Angiogenesis, p ≤ 0.001), pan-fibroblast TGF-β(Pan-F-TBRs, p ≤ 0.0001), and epithelial interstitial transformation (EMT, p ≤ 0.05) (Figure S6B) compared with subtypes 2, suggesting that subtypes 3 patients had more robust pro-cancer activity.