IRF8 and rosacea: The GSEA and GSVA results suggested that in FFA and rosacea, seven pathways were significantly associated with hub genes, including the “toll-like receptor signaling pathway,” “JAK/STAT signaling pathway,” and “cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction.” Moreover, STAT1, which regulates three hub genes (IRF1, IRF8, and CXCL10), was highly expressed in these two diseases.