Norris et al. [65] showed that higher serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with a lower risk of islet autoimmunity in children at increased genetic risk of T1DM, and the association between childhood 25(OH)D status and islet autoimmunity was modified by the ApaI (rs7975232) SNP in VDR (interaction p = 0.0072), where for each additional minor allele, higher 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with a greater reduction in islet autoimmunity risk. Here, VDR is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.