RUNX1 and myelodysplastic syndrome: Previous studies show that germline and somatic mutations of RUNX1 are observed in many hematological malignancies such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) (Sood et al., 2017).