The risk of developing peripheral edema for grade 3–5 was reported in 17 clinical trials,[11,13,15,17–23,26,28,29,35,37–42] 10 of which were adopted for the final analysis[11,13,15,17–21,23,26]: Group A (PD-1/PD-L1 vs chemotherapy),[11,13,15,17–19] and group B (PD-1/PD-L1 + chemotherapy vs chemotherapy).[17,20,21,23,26] Compared with chemotherapy (group A), no statistically significant difference was found (OR = 0.53, 95% CI:[0.17, 1.63], I2 = 0, Z = 1.12 [P = .26]; Fig. 5A).[11,13,15,17–19] Similar results could also be found in all the subgroup analyses (Fig. 5A and 5B). The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is edema.