As shown in Fig. 1b–d, TOB1 interacted with IRF3 following infection with Sendai virus (SeV, an ssRNA virus recognized by RIG-I), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV, another ssRNA virus recognized by RIG-I), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS; a Toll-like receptor 4 ligand). This evidence concerns the gene TOB1 and infection.