Our data showed that PPRV infection significantly suppressed alpha interferon (IFN-α) (Fig 6A) and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) (Fig 6B) expression, while stimulated expressionof tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (Fig 6C), interleukin 4 (IL-4) (Fig 6D), and interleukin 10 (IL-10) (Fig 6E) as previously described [11,16,42–44]. Here, TNF is linked to infection.