The Cross-Over Trial of Febuxostat and Topiroxostat for Hyperuricemia with Cardiovascular Disease (TROFEO) trial showed that subjects taking febuxostat achieved more rapid reduction in SUA and required fewer dose adjustments compare to topiroxostat (Sezai et al., 2017) through greater XOR inhibition. The gene discussed is XDH; the disease is hyperuricemia.