In comparison with individuals with lower PNI, patients with higher PNI were more likely to have a lower incidence of hypertension, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and RASI use; to have lower levels of proteinuria, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C; to have higher levels of eGFR and uric acid, serum albumin, lymphocyte count. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and anemia.