In contrast with these findings, a pilot study of the effect of 16-week vitD3 supplementation (50,000 UI per week) in subjects with metabolic syndrome showed no difference in serum MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 concentrations between the intervention and placebo groups, although there was a significant reduction in the MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels when compared to the baseline in the intervention group [29]. This evidence concerns the gene TIMP1 and metabolic syndrome.