AFP and hepatocellular carcinoma: Given the relative paucity of data on the accuracy of AFP when compared with AFP-L3 and PIVKA-II assays to detect HCC, the objective of the current study was to characterize the diagnostic performance of AFP, PIVKA-II, and AFP-L3 assays when each of these biomarkers was used alone, or when each biomarker was used in combination with the other biomarkers in detecting HCC among HCV-infected patients.