BECN1 and breast carcinoma: Meanwhile, beclin 1, a mammalian homolog of yeast Atg6/Vps30, was cloned by Liang et al. in 1999, and decreased expression of which may contribute to the development of human breast carcinoma and other malignancies [27]; Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), a mammalian homolog of yeast Atg8p, was found to be specifically associated with autophagosome membranes after processing and has since been used as a marker of autophagy [28].