MTOR and epilepsy: Most studies suggest that neuronal mTOR hyperactivation, which is mediated by loss-of-function gene mutations of mTOR inhibitor proteins including phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), TSC1, TSC2, and STE20-related kinase alpha (STRADα), links to the severity of epilepsy in an animal model of epileptogenic cortical malformations, TSC, and systemic lupus erythematosus, the most common genetic etiology of epilepsy and neurobehavioral disabilities [255,256,257].