In a randomized phase IIb trial enrolling R/R FLT3-ITDmut AML patients, Quizartinib in monotherapy showed a 47% response rate [22], giving the rationale for a randomized-phase III trial QuANTUM-R evaluating Quizartinib monotherapy vs. investigator choice salvage chemotherapy in 367 patients with R/R FLT3-ITDmut AML [23]. This evidence concerns the gene FLT3 and acute myeloid leukemia.