PVR and neoplasm: As the presence of ICs cannot impact T-cell immune responses without the presence of their respective ligands, when sufficient tumor material was available, we assessed, using flow cytometry, the frequency of the ex vivo expression of PD-L1, CD155, galectin-9, HLA-DR and HLA-E (the ligands of PD-1, TIGIT, Tim-3, Lag3, and NKG2A, respectively), not only by EpCAM+ tumor cells but also by CD11b+ myeloid cells present within the TME.